KOHESI GRAMATIKAL DAN KOHESI LEKSIKAL DALAM NOVEL KUBAH KARYA AHMAD TOHARI DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMA

Mey Hardiaz, Rita (2020) KOHESI GRAMATIKAL DAN KOHESI LEKSIKAL DALAM NOVEL KUBAH KARYA AHMAD TOHARI DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI SMA. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Pancasakti Tegal.

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Abstract

Kata Kunci : kohesi gramatikal, kohesi leksikal, novel Bahasa meliputi tataran fonologi, morfologi, sintaksis, semantik, dan wacana. Wacana merupakan satuan bahasa terlengkap dan tertinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) kohesi gramatikal dan kohesi leksikal dalam novel Kubah karya Ahmad Tohari, (2) implikasi dari kohesi gramatikal dan kohesi leksikal pada novel Kubah karya Ahmad Tohari terhadap pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di SMA. Penelitian ini berdasarkan teori dari Sumarlam. Kohesi gramatikal terdapat empat aspek yaitu, pengacuan, penyulihan, pelesapan, dan perangkai. Sedangkan kohesi leksikal terdapat enam aspek yaitu, repetisi, sinonimi, kolokasi, hiponimi, antonimi, dan ekuivalensi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah novel Kubah karya Ahmad Tohari. Teknik penyediaan data menggunakan teknik baca dan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik dasar metode agih atau disebut juga teknik BUL (Bagi Unsur Langsung). Teknik penyajian analisis data menggunakan metode penyajian secara informal. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan 103 data, kohesi gramatikal terdapat 62 data dan kohesi leksikal terdapat 41 data. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu, kohesi gramatikal terdapat empat aspek, pengacuan (reference) 35,48%, penyulihan (substitution) 1,61%, pelesapan (ellipsis) 0%, dan perangkai (conjungtion) 62,91%. Sedangkan kohesi leksikal terdapat enam aspek yaitu, repetisi (pengulangan) 24,39%, sinonimi (padan kata) 43,90%, kolokasi (sanding kata) 21,95%, hiponimi (hubungan atas-bawah) 2,44%, antonimi (lawan kata) 4,88%, dan ekuivalensi (kesepadanan) 2,44%. Penelitian ini diimplikasikan pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia kelas XII semester I tingkat SMA dengan kompetensi dasar 3.4 yaitu menganalisis kebahasaan cerita atau novel sejarah. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan acuan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Saran dari penelitian ini ditujukan kepada penulis sastra, guru bahasa indonesia, dan mahasiswa. Keywords: Grammatical cohesion, lexical cohesion, novels Language includes phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and discourse. Discourse is the most complete and highest language unit. This study aims to describe (1) grammatical cohesion and lexical cohesion in the Kubah novel by Ahmad Tohari, (2) the implications of grammatical cohesion and lexical cohesion in the Kubah novel by Ahmad Tohari on Indonesian language learning in high school. This research is based on the theory from Sumarlam. There are four aspects of grammatical cohesion, namely, reference, recovery, absorption, and coupling. While there are six aspects of lexical cohesion, namely, repetition, synonymy, collocation, hyponymy, antonymy, and equivalence. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data source of this research is the novel Kubah by Ahmad Tohari. The technique of providing data uses reading and note taking techniques. Data analysis techniques using the basic technique of the method of distribution or also called the BUL technique (For Direct Elements). The technique of presenting data analysis uses informal presentation methods. In this study 103 data were found, grammatical cohesion contained 62 data and lexical cohesion contained 41 data. The results of this study are, grammatical cohesion there are four aspects, referencing 35,48%, substitution 1,61%, ellipsis 0%, and conjunctions 62,91%. While there are six aspects of lexical cohesion namely, repetition (repetition) 24.39%, synonymy (word equivalent) 43.90%, collocation (sanding word) 21.95%, hyponymy (top-bottom relationship) 2.44%, antonym (opposite words) 4.88%, and equivalence (equivalency) 2.44%. This research is implied in the learning of Indonesian language class XII semester I of high school level with basic competence of 3.4, which is to analyze the linguistic story or historical novel. This research can be used as a reference in learning Indonesian. Suggestions from this study are addressed to literary writers, Indonesian language teachers, and students.

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